Environmental lead exposure increases micronuclei in children
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Environmental lead exposure increases micronuclei in children. / Kapka, Lucyna; Baumgartner, Adolf; Siwińska, Ewa; Knudsen, Lisbeth E.; Anderson, Diana; Mielzyńska, Danuta.
In: Mutagenesis, Vol. 22, No. 3, 2007, p. 201-7.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Environmental lead exposure increases micronuclei in children
AU - Kapka, Lucyna
AU - Baumgartner, Adolf
AU - Siwińska, Ewa
AU - Knudsen, Lisbeth E.
AU - Anderson, Diana
AU - Mielzyńska, Danuta
PY - 2007
Y1 - 2007
N2 - The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the contribution of environmental exposures to lead in the development of cytogenetic damage detected as the frequency of micronuclei (MN) in children. The other aim was to apply the MN assay in combination with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a pan-centromeric chromosome probe to elucidate the formation mechanism of induced MN. The examined population was composed of 9-year-old children (n = 92), living in the region where non-ferrous ores are extracted and processed. The non-exposed group consisted of 49 children of the same age from an unexposed recreational area. Exposure to lead was assessed by determination of lead concentrations in blood (PbB) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, whereas the level of selenium (Se) in serum was detected by using graphite furnace atomic-absorption spectrometry. The frequency of MN was determined by the cytokinesis-block MN assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization performed using a specific pan-centromeric probe. Environmental exposure to lead resulted in significantly increased levels of PbB (5.29 +/- 2.09 versus 3.45 +/- 1.20 microg/dl in controls), although the average level was much below the value of the biological exposure limit = 10 microg/dl. A negative correlation between lead in blood and Se in serum concentrations (P = 0.006) was found for the pooled study population. The results showed a significant difference (P < 0.0001) in the level of MN between the exposed and control group (standard MN test: 2.96 +/- 2.36 versus 1.16 +/- 1.28; FISH technique: 3.57 +/- 3.02 versus 1.43 +/- 1.69, respectively). The frequencies of both centromere-positive (C+MN) and centromere-negative (C-MN) micronuclei were significantly increased in exposed children; however, the contribution of C+MN in the total number of MN in peripheral blood lymphocytes of exposed children was significantly higher than in the controls what may suggest a pro-aneugenic effect of the exposure to lead. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that the exposure to lead was an important factor affecting the increase in MN frequency what was confirmed by significant correlation between the PbB and MN levels. In conclusion, our results suggest that the exposure to lead may be associated with an increased frequency of MN, especially of C+MN; however, the influence of other factors (e.g. vitamins and minerals in the diet) cannot be excluded.
AB - The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the contribution of environmental exposures to lead in the development of cytogenetic damage detected as the frequency of micronuclei (MN) in children. The other aim was to apply the MN assay in combination with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a pan-centromeric chromosome probe to elucidate the formation mechanism of induced MN. The examined population was composed of 9-year-old children (n = 92), living in the region where non-ferrous ores are extracted and processed. The non-exposed group consisted of 49 children of the same age from an unexposed recreational area. Exposure to lead was assessed by determination of lead concentrations in blood (PbB) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, whereas the level of selenium (Se) in serum was detected by using graphite furnace atomic-absorption spectrometry. The frequency of MN was determined by the cytokinesis-block MN assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization performed using a specific pan-centromeric probe. Environmental exposure to lead resulted in significantly increased levels of PbB (5.29 +/- 2.09 versus 3.45 +/- 1.20 microg/dl in controls), although the average level was much below the value of the biological exposure limit = 10 microg/dl. A negative correlation between lead in blood and Se in serum concentrations (P = 0.006) was found for the pooled study population. The results showed a significant difference (P < 0.0001) in the level of MN between the exposed and control group (standard MN test: 2.96 +/- 2.36 versus 1.16 +/- 1.28; FISH technique: 3.57 +/- 3.02 versus 1.43 +/- 1.69, respectively). The frequencies of both centromere-positive (C+MN) and centromere-negative (C-MN) micronuclei were significantly increased in exposed children; however, the contribution of C+MN in the total number of MN in peripheral blood lymphocytes of exposed children was significantly higher than in the controls what may suggest a pro-aneugenic effect of the exposure to lead. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that the exposure to lead was an important factor affecting the increase in MN frequency what was confirmed by significant correlation between the PbB and MN levels. In conclusion, our results suggest that the exposure to lead may be associated with an increased frequency of MN, especially of C+MN; however, the influence of other factors (e.g. vitamins and minerals in the diet) cannot be excluded.
KW - Child
KW - Environmental Exposure
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
KW - Lead
KW - Male
KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective
KW - Micronucleus Tests
KW - Pilot Projects
KW - Poland
KW - Regression Analysis
KW - Selenium
KW - Spectrophotometry, Atomic
U2 - 10.1093/mutage/gem004
DO - 10.1093/mutage/gem004
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 17311805
VL - 22
SP - 201
EP - 207
JO - Mutagenesis
JF - Mutagenesis
SN - 0267-8357
IS - 3
ER -
ID: 137758381