DNA methylation is associated with prenatal exposure to sulfur dioxide and childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms
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Epigenetic influence plays a role in the association between exposure to air pollution and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, research regarding sulfur dioxide (SO 2) is scarce. Herein, we investigate the associations between prenatal SO 2 exposure and ADHD rating scale (ARS) at ages 4, 6 and 8 years repeatedly in a mother-child cohort (n = 329). Whole blood samples were obtained at ages 2 and 6 years, and genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) was analyzed for 51 children using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation BeadChip. We analyzed the associations between prenatal SO 2 exposure and DNAm levels at ages 2 and 6, and further investigated the association between the DNAm and ARS at ages 4, 6 and 8. Prenatal SO 2 exposure was associated with ADHD symptoms. From candidate gene analysis, DNAm levels at the 6 CpGs at age 2 were associated with prenatal SO 2 exposure levels. Of the 6 CpGs, cg07583420 (INS-IGF2) was persistently linked with ARS at ages 4, 6 and 8. Epigenome-wide analysis showed that DNAm at 6733 CpG sites were associated with prenatal SO 2 exposure, of which 58 CpGs involved in Notch signalling pathway were further associated with ARS at age 4, 6 and 8 years, persistently. DNAm at age 6 was not associated with prenatal SO 2 exposure. Changes in DNAm levels associated with prenatal SO 2 exposure during early childhood are associated with increases in ARS in later childhood.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 3501 |
Journal | Scientific Reports |
Volume | 13 |
Issue number | 1 |
Number of pages | 13 |
ISSN | 2045-2322 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2023 |
Bibliographical note
© 2023. The Author(s).
- Child, Preschool, Female, Pregnancy, Humans, Child, DNA Methylation, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Sulfur Dioxide, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Air Pollution
Research areas
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