Abstract Introduction Underdetection of dementia in areas with low socioeconomic status (SES) may interfere with findings concerning associations between SES and dementia. Methods Using administrative registers we assessed the associations between age- and sex-adjusted dementia incidence and neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) in 94 Danish municipalities. Wealth was divided into income quartiles and other nSES variables were dichotomized into high versus low according to the median. Results High population density (odds ratio [OR] 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18?1.24), higher proportion of inhabitants in higher income quartiles (P for trend