TY - JOUR

T1 - Nighttime sleep duration trajectories were associated with body mass index trajectories in early childhood

AU - Zheng, Miaobing

AU - Hesketh, Kylie D.

AU - Wu, Jason H.Y.

AU - Heitmann, Berit L.

AU - Downing, Katherine

AU - Campbell, Karen J.

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Background: The respective contribution of total, daytime and nighttime sleep duration in childhood obesity remains unclear. Objectives: To assess the longitudinal association between developmental trajectories of sleep duration and BMI z-score in early childhood. Methods: Data were from the Melbourne INFANT program, a prospective cohort with 4-month-old infants being followed-up until age 60 months (n = 528). Sleep duration (total, daytime, nighttime) and BMI z-score were measured using questionnaire at ages 4, 9, 18, 43 and 60 months. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to describe longitudinal trajectories from ages 4 to 60 months. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between sleep duration and BMI z-score trajectories. Results: Three nighttime sleep duration trajectory groups were identified: “Long stable” (10.5 to 11.0 hours, 61%), “catchup long” (8.0 to 11.5 hours, 23%) and “short stable” (8.7 to 9.8 hours, 16%) nighttime sleepers. BMI z-score trajectory groups were classified as “low-BMIz” (−1.5 to −0.5 unit, 21%), “mid-BMIz” (−0.5 to 0.5 unit, 58%) and “high-BMIz” (0.8 to 1.4 unit, 21%). With adjustment for child and maternal covariates, both “catchup long” (OR 3.69 95%CI 1.74, 7.92) and “long stable” nighttime sleepers (OR 4.27 95%CI 2.21, 8.25) revealed higher odds of being in the “mid-BMIz” than the “high-BMIz” group. By contrast, total or daytime sleep duration trajectories were not associated with BMI z-score trajectories. Conclusions: Longer nighttime, but not total or daytime, sleep duration was associated with lower BMI z-score trajectories in early childhood. Our findings reinforce the importance of nighttime sleep for healthy body-weight development in early childhood.

AB - Background: The respective contribution of total, daytime and nighttime sleep duration in childhood obesity remains unclear. Objectives: To assess the longitudinal association between developmental trajectories of sleep duration and BMI z-score in early childhood. Methods: Data were from the Melbourne INFANT program, a prospective cohort with 4-month-old infants being followed-up until age 60 months (n = 528). Sleep duration (total, daytime, nighttime) and BMI z-score were measured using questionnaire at ages 4, 9, 18, 43 and 60 months. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to describe longitudinal trajectories from ages 4 to 60 months. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between sleep duration and BMI z-score trajectories. Results: Three nighttime sleep duration trajectory groups were identified: “Long stable” (10.5 to 11.0 hours, 61%), “catchup long” (8.0 to 11.5 hours, 23%) and “short stable” (8.7 to 9.8 hours, 16%) nighttime sleepers. BMI z-score trajectory groups were classified as “low-BMIz” (−1.5 to −0.5 unit, 21%), “mid-BMIz” (−0.5 to 0.5 unit, 58%) and “high-BMIz” (0.8 to 1.4 unit, 21%). With adjustment for child and maternal covariates, both “catchup long” (OR 3.69 95%CI 1.74, 7.92) and “long stable” nighttime sleepers (OR 4.27 95%CI 2.21, 8.25) revealed higher odds of being in the “mid-BMIz” than the “high-BMIz” group. By contrast, total or daytime sleep duration trajectories were not associated with BMI z-score trajectories. Conclusions: Longer nighttime, but not total or daytime, sleep duration was associated with lower BMI z-score trajectories in early childhood. Our findings reinforce the importance of nighttime sleep for healthy body-weight development in early childhood.

KW - Body mass index

KW - early childhood

KW - growth trajectory

KW - nighttime

KW - sleep duration

U2 - 10.1111/ijpo.12766

DO - 10.1111/ijpo.12766

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 33369282

AN - SCOPUS:85098223650

VL - 16

JO - Pediatric obesity

JF - Pediatric obesity

SN - 2047-6302

IS - 7

M1 - e12766

ER -