Quantitative and qualitative assessments of deep learning image reconstruction in low-keV virtual monoenergetic dual-energy CT

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Objectives To evaluate a novel deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) technique for dual-energy CT (DECT) derived virtual monoenergetic (VM) images compared to adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR-V) in low kiloelectron volt (keV) images. Methods We analyzed 30 venous phase acute abdominal DECT (80/140 kVp) scans. Data were reconstructed to ASIR-V and DLIR-High at four different keV levels (40, 50, 74, and 100) with 1- and 3-mm slice thickness. Quantitative Hounsfield unit (HU) and noise assessment were measured within the liver, aorta, fat, and muscle. Subjective assessment of image noise, sharpness, texture, and overall quality was performed by two board-certified radiologists. Results DLIR reduced image noise by 19.9-35.5% (p < 0.001) compared to ASIR-V in all reconstructions at identical keV levels. Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) increased by 49.2-53.2% (p < 0.001) in DLIR 40-keV images compared to ASIR-V 50 keV, while no significant difference in noise was identified except for 1 and 3 mm in aorta and for 1-mm liver measurements, where ASIR-V 50 keV showed 5.5-6.8% (p < 0.002) lower noise levels. Qualitative assessment demonstrated significant improvement particularly in 1-mm reconstructions (p < 0.001). Lastly, DLIR 40 keV demonstrated comparable or improved image quality ratings when compared to ASIR-V 50 keV (p < 0.001 to 0.22). Conclusion DLIR significantly reduced image noise compared to ASIR-V. Qualitative assessment showed that DLIR significantly improved image quality particularly in thin sliced images. DLIR may facilitate 40 keV as a new standard for routine low-keV VM reconstruction in contrast-enhanced abdominal DECT.

Original languageEnglish
JournalEuropean Radiology
Volume32
Pages (from-to)7098–7107
Number of pages10
ISSN0938-7994
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022

    Research areas

  • Artificial intelligence, Deep learning, Tomography, X-ray computed, Image processing, computer-assisted, ITERATIVE RECONSTRUCTION, COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY, OPTIMIZATION, ALGORITHM

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