Stability and detectability of testosterone esters in dried blood spots after intramuscular injections

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

Standard

Stability and detectability of testosterone esters in dried blood spots after intramuscular injections. / Solheim, Sara Amalie; Levernaes, Maren Christin Stillesby; Mørkeberg, Jakob; Juul, Anders; Upners, Emmie Nicolina; Nordsborg, Nikolai Baastrup; Dehnes, Yvette.

In: Drug Testing and Analysis, Vol. 14, No. 11-12, 2022, p. 1926-1937.

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

Harvard

Solheim, SA, Levernaes, MCS, Mørkeberg, J, Juul, A, Upners, EN, Nordsborg, NB & Dehnes, Y 2022, 'Stability and detectability of testosterone esters in dried blood spots after intramuscular injections', Drug Testing and Analysis, vol. 14, no. 11-12, pp. 1926-1937. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3030

APA

Solheim, S. A., Levernaes, M. C. S., Mørkeberg, J., Juul, A., Upners, E. N., Nordsborg, N. B., & Dehnes, Y. (2022). Stability and detectability of testosterone esters in dried blood spots after intramuscular injections. Drug Testing and Analysis, 14(11-12), 1926-1937. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3030

Vancouver

Solheim SA, Levernaes MCS, Mørkeberg J, Juul A, Upners EN, Nordsborg NB et al. Stability and detectability of testosterone esters in dried blood spots after intramuscular injections. Drug Testing and Analysis. 2022;14(11-12):1926-1937. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3030

Author

Solheim, Sara Amalie ; Levernaes, Maren Christin Stillesby ; Mørkeberg, Jakob ; Juul, Anders ; Upners, Emmie Nicolina ; Nordsborg, Nikolai Baastrup ; Dehnes, Yvette. / Stability and detectability of testosterone esters in dried blood spots after intramuscular injections. In: Drug Testing and Analysis. 2022 ; Vol. 14, No. 11-12. pp. 1926-1937.

Bibtex

@article{3f1b9bf4bd5640aa987eabc956f4d9f3,
title = "Stability and detectability of testosterone esters in dried blood spots after intramuscular injections",
abstract = "While misuse of testosterone esters is widespread in elite and recreational sports, direct detection of intact testosterone esters in doping control samples is hampered by the rapid hydrolysis by esterases present in the blood. With dried blood spot (DBS) as sample matrix, continued degradation of the esters is avoided due to inactivation of the hydrolase enzymes in dried blood. Here we have developed the method further for detection of testosterone esters in DBS with focus on robustness and applicability in doping control. To demonstrate the method's feasibility, DBS samples from men receiving two intramuscular injections of Sustanon{\textregistered} 250 (n = 9) or placebo (n = 10), were collected, transported and stored prior to analysis, to mimic a doping control scenario. The presented nanoLC-HRMS/MS method appeared reliable and suitable for direct detection of four testosterone esters (testosterone decanoate, isocaproate, phenylpropionate and propionate) after extraction from DBS. Sustanon{\textregistered} was detected in all subjects for at least five days, with detection window up to 14 days for three of the esters. Evaluation of analyte stability showed that while storage at room temperature is tolerated well for a few days, testosterone esters are highly stable (> 18 months) in DBS when stored in frozen conditions. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the applicability of DBS sampling in doping control for detection of steroid esters. The fast collection and reduced shipment costs of DBS compared to urine and standard blood samples, respectively, will allow more frequent and/or large-scale testing to increase detection and deterrence.",
keywords = "Faculty of Science, Dried blood spots (DBS), Anabolic steroid esters, Doping control analysis, Mass spectrometry",
author = "Solheim, {Sara Amalie} and Levernaes, {Maren Christin Stillesby} and Jakob M{\o}rkeberg and Anders Juul and Upners, {Emmie Nicolina} and Nordsborg, {Nikolai Baastrup} and Yvette Dehnes",
note = "This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.",
year = "2022",
doi = "10.1002/dta.3030",
language = "English",
volume = "14",
pages = "1926--1937",
journal = "Drug Testing and Analysis",
issn = "1942-7603",
publisher = "JohnWiley & Sons Ltd",
number = "11-12",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Stability and detectability of testosterone esters in dried blood spots after intramuscular injections

AU - Solheim, Sara Amalie

AU - Levernaes, Maren Christin Stillesby

AU - Mørkeberg, Jakob

AU - Juul, Anders

AU - Upners, Emmie Nicolina

AU - Nordsborg, Nikolai Baastrup

AU - Dehnes, Yvette

N1 - This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - While misuse of testosterone esters is widespread in elite and recreational sports, direct detection of intact testosterone esters in doping control samples is hampered by the rapid hydrolysis by esterases present in the blood. With dried blood spot (DBS) as sample matrix, continued degradation of the esters is avoided due to inactivation of the hydrolase enzymes in dried blood. Here we have developed the method further for detection of testosterone esters in DBS with focus on robustness and applicability in doping control. To demonstrate the method's feasibility, DBS samples from men receiving two intramuscular injections of Sustanon® 250 (n = 9) or placebo (n = 10), were collected, transported and stored prior to analysis, to mimic a doping control scenario. The presented nanoLC-HRMS/MS method appeared reliable and suitable for direct detection of four testosterone esters (testosterone decanoate, isocaproate, phenylpropionate and propionate) after extraction from DBS. Sustanon® was detected in all subjects for at least five days, with detection window up to 14 days for three of the esters. Evaluation of analyte stability showed that while storage at room temperature is tolerated well for a few days, testosterone esters are highly stable (> 18 months) in DBS when stored in frozen conditions. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the applicability of DBS sampling in doping control for detection of steroid esters. The fast collection and reduced shipment costs of DBS compared to urine and standard blood samples, respectively, will allow more frequent and/or large-scale testing to increase detection and deterrence.

AB - While misuse of testosterone esters is widespread in elite and recreational sports, direct detection of intact testosterone esters in doping control samples is hampered by the rapid hydrolysis by esterases present in the blood. With dried blood spot (DBS) as sample matrix, continued degradation of the esters is avoided due to inactivation of the hydrolase enzymes in dried blood. Here we have developed the method further for detection of testosterone esters in DBS with focus on robustness and applicability in doping control. To demonstrate the method's feasibility, DBS samples from men receiving two intramuscular injections of Sustanon® 250 (n = 9) or placebo (n = 10), were collected, transported and stored prior to analysis, to mimic a doping control scenario. The presented nanoLC-HRMS/MS method appeared reliable and suitable for direct detection of four testosterone esters (testosterone decanoate, isocaproate, phenylpropionate and propionate) after extraction from DBS. Sustanon® was detected in all subjects for at least five days, with detection window up to 14 days for three of the esters. Evaluation of analyte stability showed that while storage at room temperature is tolerated well for a few days, testosterone esters are highly stable (> 18 months) in DBS when stored in frozen conditions. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the applicability of DBS sampling in doping control for detection of steroid esters. The fast collection and reduced shipment costs of DBS compared to urine and standard blood samples, respectively, will allow more frequent and/or large-scale testing to increase detection and deterrence.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Dried blood spots (DBS)

KW - Anabolic steroid esters

KW - Doping control analysis

KW - Mass spectrometry

U2 - 10.1002/dta.3030

DO - 10.1002/dta.3030

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 33733610

VL - 14

SP - 1926

EP - 1937

JO - Drug Testing and Analysis

JF - Drug Testing and Analysis

SN - 1942-7603

IS - 11-12

ER -

ID: 258660233