The Moderate Alcohol and Cardiovascular Health Trial (MACH15): Design and methods for a randomized trial of moderate alcohol consumption and cardiometabolic risk

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

Documents

  • Donna Spiegelman
  • Laura C Lovato
  • Polyna Khudyakov
  • Clement A Adebamowo
  • Sally N Adebamowo
  • Lawrence J Appel
  • Joline Wj Beulens
  • Janelle W Coughlin
  • Howard J Edenberg
  • Jane Nygaard Eriksen
  • Ramon Estruch
  • Diederick E Grobbee
  • Pablo E Gulayin
  • Vilma Irazola
  • John H Krystal
  • Mariana Lazo
  • Margaret M Murray
  • Eric B Rimm
  • Ilse C Schrieks
  • Jeff D Williamson
  • Kenneth J Mukamal
Background: Observational studies have documented lower risks of coronary heart disease and diabetes among moderate alcohol consumers relative to abstainers, but only a randomized clinical trial can provide conclusive evidence for or against these associations.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe the rationale and design of the Moderate Alcohol and Cardiovascular Health Trial, aimed to assess the cardiometabolic effects of one alcoholic drink daily over an average of six years among adults 50 years or older.
Methods: This multicenter, parallel-arm randomized trial was designed to compare the effects of one standard serving (∼11–15 g) daily of a preferred alcoholic beverage to abstention. The trial aimed to enroll 7800 people at high risk of cardiovascular disease. The primary composite endpoint comprised time to the first occurrence of non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal ischemic stroke, hospitalized angina, coronary/carotid revascularization, or total mortality. The trial was designed to provide >80% power to detect a 15% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included diabetes. Adverse effects of special interest included injuries, congestive heart failure, alcohol use disorders, and cancer.
Results: We describe the design, governance, masking issues, and data handling. In three months of field center activity until termination by the funder, the trial randomized 32 participants, successfully screened another 70, and identified ∼400 additional interested individuals.
Conclusions: We describe a feasible design for a long-term randomized trial of moderate alcohol consumption. Such a study will provide the highest level of evidence for the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on cardiovascular
disease and diabetes, and will directly inform clinical and public health guidelines.
Original languageEnglish
JournalEuropean Journal of Preventive Cardiology
Volume27
Issue number18
Pages (from-to)1967-1982
Number of pages16
ISSN2047-4873
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2020

    Research areas

  • Faculty of Science - Randomized controlled trial, Ethanol, Cardiovascular diseases, Diabetes mellitus type 2, Geriatric, Research design

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