TY - JOUR

T1 - Acupuncture induces a pro-inflammatory immune response intensified by a conditioning-expectation effect

AU - Karst, M

AU - Schneidewind, D

AU - Scheinichen, D

AU - Juettner, B

AU - Bernateck, M

AU - Molsberger, A

AU - Parlesak, Alexandr

AU - Passie, T

AU - Hoy, L

AU - Fink, M

N1 - (Ekstern)

PY - 2010

Y1 - 2010

N2 - Background: In a previous study it has been shown that acupuncture activates the respiratory burst (RB) of neutrophils as measured by the differences to baseline of the mean channel number of fluorescence intensity (mfi) in volunteers. Since this result could have been affected by a placebo effect, a study has been designed that controls for the different facets of placebo mechanisms such as expectancy, suggestibility, and conditioning. Participants and Methods: 60 healthy volunteers were randomized either to acupuncture of the acupoint Large Intestine 11 (LI 11) (groups 1 and 2) or relaxation (group 3) twice a week for 4 weeks. Only acupuncture group 1 and the relaxation group were provided with the additional suggestion that the treatment may strengthen the immune system. Results: The repeated measurement analysis for differences of follow-ups to baseline showed significantly different treatment effects for neutrophils but not for monocytes (unprimed neutrophils: p = 0.004; neutrophils primed with TNF-alpha/FMLP or with FMLP only: p = 0.026 and p = 0.019, respectively) between groups. For both cell types post-hoc Dunnett’s t-tests using the relaxation group as control showed significantly stronger treatment effects for acupuncture group 1. Combining all priming procedures, the average increase in mfi for both cell types was about 30% greater in acupuncture group 1 than in the relaxation group. Plasma concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines only increased significantly in the acupuncture groups. Conclusion: Repetitive acupuncture increases the cytotoxicity of leukocytes in healthy volunteers, which might be intensified by a conditioning-expectation effect.

AB - Background: In a previous study it has been shown that acupuncture activates the respiratory burst (RB) of neutrophils as measured by the differences to baseline of the mean channel number of fluorescence intensity (mfi) in volunteers. Since this result could have been affected by a placebo effect, a study has been designed that controls for the different facets of placebo mechanisms such as expectancy, suggestibility, and conditioning. Participants and Methods: 60 healthy volunteers were randomized either to acupuncture of the acupoint Large Intestine 11 (LI 11) (groups 1 and 2) or relaxation (group 3) twice a week for 4 weeks. Only acupuncture group 1 and the relaxation group were provided with the additional suggestion that the treatment may strengthen the immune system. Results: The repeated measurement analysis for differences of follow-ups to baseline showed significantly different treatment effects for neutrophils but not for monocytes (unprimed neutrophils: p = 0.004; neutrophils primed with TNF-alpha/FMLP or with FMLP only: p = 0.026 and p = 0.019, respectively) between groups. For both cell types post-hoc Dunnett’s t-tests using the relaxation group as control showed significantly stronger treatment effects for acupuncture group 1. Combining all priming procedures, the average increase in mfi for both cell types was about 30% greater in acupuncture group 1 than in the relaxation group. Plasma concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines only increased significantly in the acupuncture groups. Conclusion: Repetitive acupuncture increases the cytotoxicity of leukocytes in healthy volunteers, which might be intensified by a conditioning-expectation effect.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Acupuncture

KW - Relaxation

KW - Respiratory burst

KW - Leukocytes

KW - Placebo mechanisms

U2 - 10.1159/000264657

DO - 10.1159/000264657

M3 - Journal article

VL - 17

SP - 21

EP - 27

JO - Complementary Medicine Research

JF - Complementary Medicine Research

SN - 2504-2092

IS - 1

ER -