Cognitive ability in adolescents born small for gestational age: Associations with fetal growth velocity, head circumference and postnatal growth
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Cognitive ability in adolescents born small for gestational age : Associations with fetal growth velocity, head circumference and postnatal growth. / Jensen, Rikke Beck; Juul, Anders; Larsen, Torben; Mortensen, Erik Lykke; Greisen, Gorm.
In: Early Human Development, Vol. 91, No. 12, 12.2015, p. 755-60.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Cognitive ability in adolescents born small for gestational age
T2 - Associations with fetal growth velocity, head circumference and postnatal growth
AU - Jensen, Rikke Beck
AU - Juul, Anders
AU - Larsen, Torben
AU - Mortensen, Erik Lykke
AU - Greisen, Gorm
N1 - Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
PY - 2015/12
Y1 - 2015/12
N2 - BACKGROUND: Small size at birth may be associated with impaired cognitive ability later in life. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of being born small for gestational age (SGA), with or without intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) on cognitive ability in late adolescence.STUDY DESIGN: A follow-up study of a former cohort included 123 participants (52 males); 47 born SGA and 76 born appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Fetal growth velocity (FGV) was determined by serial ultrasound measurements during the third trimester. A control group matched for age and birthplace was included. The original Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was administered, and verbal, performance and full-scale Intelligence Quotient (IQ) scores were calculated.RESULTS: There was no difference in IQ between adolescents born SGA and AGA. FGV or IUGR during the third trimester did not influence cognitive ability in late adolescence. Full-scale IQ was positively related to head circumference (HC) in adolescence (B: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.32-2.28, p=0.01). HC at birth and three months was positively associated with full-scale IQ. Catch-up growth in the group of SGA children was associated with a significantly increased height, larger HC, increased levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and increased full-scale IQ compared to those born SGA without catch-up growth.CONCLUSION: SGA and IUGR may not be harmful for adult cognitive ability, at least not in individuals born at near-term. However, known risk factors of impaired fetal growth may explain the link between early growth and cognitive ability in adulthood.
AB - BACKGROUND: Small size at birth may be associated with impaired cognitive ability later in life. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of being born small for gestational age (SGA), with or without intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) on cognitive ability in late adolescence.STUDY DESIGN: A follow-up study of a former cohort included 123 participants (52 males); 47 born SGA and 76 born appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Fetal growth velocity (FGV) was determined by serial ultrasound measurements during the third trimester. A control group matched for age and birthplace was included. The original Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was administered, and verbal, performance and full-scale Intelligence Quotient (IQ) scores were calculated.RESULTS: There was no difference in IQ between adolescents born SGA and AGA. FGV or IUGR during the third trimester did not influence cognitive ability in late adolescence. Full-scale IQ was positively related to head circumference (HC) in adolescence (B: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.32-2.28, p=0.01). HC at birth and three months was positively associated with full-scale IQ. Catch-up growth in the group of SGA children was associated with a significantly increased height, larger HC, increased levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and increased full-scale IQ compared to those born SGA without catch-up growth.CONCLUSION: SGA and IUGR may not be harmful for adult cognitive ability, at least not in individuals born at near-term. However, known risk factors of impaired fetal growth may explain the link between early growth and cognitive ability in adulthood.
U2 - 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.08.014
DO - 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.08.014
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 26411400
VL - 91
SP - 755
EP - 760
JO - Early Human Development
JF - Early Human Development
SN - 0378-3782
IS - 12
ER -
ID: 162458825