Does fetal sex influence the risk of venous thrombosis in pregnancy? A cohort study
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Does fetal sex influence the risk of venous thrombosis in pregnancy? A cohort study. / Virkus, Rie Adser; Mikkelsen, Anders P.; Lidegaard, Øjvind; Torp-Pedersen, Christian; Bergholt, Thomas; Rothman, Kenneth J.; Løkkegaard, Ellen.
In: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Vol. 21, No. 3, 2023, p. 599-605.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Does fetal sex influence the risk of venous thrombosis in pregnancy? A cohort study
AU - Virkus, Rie Adser
AU - Mikkelsen, Anders P.
AU - Lidegaard, Øjvind
AU - Torp-Pedersen, Christian
AU - Bergholt, Thomas
AU - Rothman, Kenneth J.
AU - Løkkegaard, Ellen
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Background: Venous thromboembolism is a prominent cause of maternal death. Objective: As inflammation is a well-known risk factor for venous thromboembolism and several studies have found a higher grade of inflammation in pregnancies bearing a male compared with female fetuses, we investigated the risk of pregnancy-related venous thromboembolism associated with sex of the fetus. Methods: This cohort study linked data from national registries and compared event rates and hazard ratios of venous thrombosis for pregnancies bearing a male fetus with those bearing a female fetus during pregnancy and in the first 3 months postpartum. National data from 1995 to 2017 were used. All Danish women aged 15 to 49 years with a live or stillbirth were eligible for inclusion; 1 370 583 pregnancies were included. Women with venous thrombosis, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, thrombophilia, or cancer before conception were excluded. Results: The event rate for a venous thrombosis was 8.0 per 10.000 pregnancy years with a male fetus compared with 6.8 for a female fetus. The adjusted hazard ratio for venous thrombosis during pregnancies bearing a male was 1.2 (95% CI, 1.1-1.4), whereas in the postpartum period, it was 0.9 (95% CI, 0.7-1.0). The risk was elevated until week 30. Conclusion: These findings indicate a slightly greater risk of venous thrombosis during pregnancies bearing a male fetus than during pregnancies bearing a female fetus. There was no increased risk associated with fetal male sex in the postpartum period.
AB - Background: Venous thromboembolism is a prominent cause of maternal death. Objective: As inflammation is a well-known risk factor for venous thromboembolism and several studies have found a higher grade of inflammation in pregnancies bearing a male compared with female fetuses, we investigated the risk of pregnancy-related venous thromboembolism associated with sex of the fetus. Methods: This cohort study linked data from national registries and compared event rates and hazard ratios of venous thrombosis for pregnancies bearing a male fetus with those bearing a female fetus during pregnancy and in the first 3 months postpartum. National data from 1995 to 2017 were used. All Danish women aged 15 to 49 years with a live or stillbirth were eligible for inclusion; 1 370 583 pregnancies were included. Women with venous thrombosis, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, thrombophilia, or cancer before conception were excluded. Results: The event rate for a venous thrombosis was 8.0 per 10.000 pregnancy years with a male fetus compared with 6.8 for a female fetus. The adjusted hazard ratio for venous thrombosis during pregnancies bearing a male was 1.2 (95% CI, 1.1-1.4), whereas in the postpartum period, it was 0.9 (95% CI, 0.7-1.0). The risk was elevated until week 30. Conclusion: These findings indicate a slightly greater risk of venous thrombosis during pregnancies bearing a male fetus than during pregnancies bearing a female fetus. There was no increased risk associated with fetal male sex in the postpartum period.
KW - fetal sex
KW - postpartum
KW - pregnancy
KW - puerperal period
KW - venous thrombosis
U2 - 10.1016/j.jtha.2022.11.024
DO - 10.1016/j.jtha.2022.11.024
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 36696192
AN - SCOPUS:85149167542
VL - 21
SP - 599
EP - 605
JO - Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
JF - Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
SN - 1538-7933
IS - 3
ER -
ID: 341274984