Gender Moderates Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial for the Khanya Intervention for Substance Use and ART Adherence in HIV Care in South Africa
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Little is known about gender effects of alcohol and drug use (AOD) among people living with HIV (PLWH) in resource-limited settings. Using multilevel models, we tested whether gender moderated the effect of Khanya, a cognitive-behavioral therapy-based intervention addressing antiretroviral (ART) adherence and AOD reduction. We enrolled 61 participants from HIV care and examined outcomes at 3- and 6-months compared to enhanced treatment as usual (ETAU). Gender significantly moderated the effect of Khanya on ART adherence (measured using electronically-monitored and biomarker-confirmed adherence), such that women in Khanya had significantly lower ART adherence compared to men in Khanya; no gender differences were found for AOD outcomes. Exploratory trajectory analyses showed men in Khanya and both genders in ETAU had significant reductions in at least one AOD outcome; women in Khanya did not. More research is needed to understand whether a gender lens can support behavioral interventions for PLWH with AOD. Trial registry ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03529409. Trial registered on May 18, 2018.
Original language | English |
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Journal | AIDS and Behavior |
Volume | 26 |
Pages (from-to) | 3630–3641 |
Number of pages | 12 |
ISSN | 1090-7165 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2022 |
- ART adherence, Substance use, Behavioral intervention, Gender differences, South Africa, INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE, ALCOHOL-USE, CAPE-TOWN, DRINKING, NONADHERENCE, DISEASE, HEALTH, DRUGS
Research areas
ID: 315456055