Epidemiological Approaches to Metal Toxicology

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Book chapter › Research › peer-review

Standard

Epidemiological Approaches to Metal Toxicology. / Grandjean, Philippe; Budtz-Jørgensen, Esben.

General Considerations. ed. / Gunnar F. Nordberg; Bruce A. Fowler; Monica Nordberg. Vol. 1 4. ed. London : Elsevier, 2014. p. 265-279.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Book chapter › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Grandjean, P & Budtz-Jørgensen, E 2014, Epidemiological Approaches to Metal Toxicology. in GF Nordberg, BA Fowler & M Nordberg (eds), General Considerations. 4 edn, vol. 1, Elsevier, London, pp. 265-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-59453-2.00013-5

APA

Grandjean, P., & Budtz-Jørgensen, E. (2014). Epidemiological Approaches to Metal Toxicology. In G. F. Nordberg, B. A. Fowler, & M. Nordberg (Eds.), General Considerations (4 ed., Vol. 1, pp. 265-279). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-59453-2.00013-5

Vancouver

Grandjean P, Budtz-Jørgensen E. Epidemiological Approaches to Metal Toxicology. In Nordberg GF, Fowler BA, Nordberg M, editors, General Considerations. 4 ed. Vol. 1. London: Elsevier. 2014. p. 265-279 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-59453-2.00013-5

Author

Grandjean, Philippe ; Budtz-Jørgensen, Esben. / Epidemiological Approaches to Metal Toxicology. General Considerations. editor / Gunnar F. Nordberg ; Bruce A. Fowler ; Monica Nordberg. Vol. 1 4. ed. London : Elsevier, 2014. pp. 265-279

Bibtex

@inbook{1ce0e1e10dac457189a1e33cce403e8d,
title = "Epidemiological Approaches to Metal Toxicology",
abstract = "Epidemiological methods are crucial to extract as much valid information as possible from human metal exposures. Thus, modern epidemiological approaches have elucidated human health effects that were not apparent in the past. At the same time, metal toxicology has served as a useful arena for testing and further refining methods for study design and data analysis. In contrast to most organic compounds, metals are not broken down, and many of them are retained in the body for long periods, thereby facilitating exposure assessment. In conjunction with the use of inexpensive metal analytical methods, exposures can be characterized from the analysis of blood, urine, and other biological samples. The availability of multiple approaches for exposure assessment allows a calculation of the total imprecision, thus paving the way for adjustment for measurement error. Likewise, due to their propensity to cause chronic or delayed toxicity, epidemiological studies of metal toxicity have focused on a wide variety of organ systems, subtle effects as well as mortality, and differences in susceptibility. Toxic metals often serve as paradigms of environmental and occupational toxicity. For these reasons, this chapter highlights the fields within epidemiology that are most relevant to toxic metals and discusses where these substances serve to illustrate important epidemiological concepts. Chapter sections include subjects such as epidemiological terms, study design, study population, exposure assessment, assessment of effects, data analysis, and assessment of benchmark dose, and inference.",
keywords = "Attributable risk, Benchmark dose, Bias, Cadmium, Case-control study, Children, Cohort study, Confounding, Directed acyclic graph, Environmental exposure, Exposure assessment, Imprecision, Incidence, Inference, Interaction, Intervention, Lead, Manganese, Margin of exposure, Methylmercury, Neurotoxicity, Occupational exposure, Odds ratio, Population at risk, Prenatal exposure delayed effects, Prevalence, Relative risk, Risk ratio, Structural equation, Study population",
author = "Philippe Grandjean and Esben Budtz-J{\o}rgensen",
year = "2014",
month = oct,
day = "28",
doi = "10.1016/B978-0-444-59453-2.00013-5",
language = "English",
isbn = "9780123973399",
volume = "1",
pages = "265--279",
editor = "Nordberg, {Gunnar F. } and Fowler, {Bruce A. } and Nordberg, {Monica }",
booktitle = "General Considerations",
publisher = "Elsevier",
address = "Netherlands",
edition = "4",

}

RIS

TY - CHAP

T1 - Epidemiological Approaches to Metal Toxicology

AU - Grandjean, Philippe

AU - Budtz-Jørgensen, Esben

PY - 2014/10/28

Y1 - 2014/10/28

N2 - Epidemiological methods are crucial to extract as much valid information as possible from human metal exposures. Thus, modern epidemiological approaches have elucidated human health effects that were not apparent in the past. At the same time, metal toxicology has served as a useful arena for testing and further refining methods for study design and data analysis. In contrast to most organic compounds, metals are not broken down, and many of them are retained in the body for long periods, thereby facilitating exposure assessment. In conjunction with the use of inexpensive metal analytical methods, exposures can be characterized from the analysis of blood, urine, and other biological samples. The availability of multiple approaches for exposure assessment allows a calculation of the total imprecision, thus paving the way for adjustment for measurement error. Likewise, due to their propensity to cause chronic or delayed toxicity, epidemiological studies of metal toxicity have focused on a wide variety of organ systems, subtle effects as well as mortality, and differences in susceptibility. Toxic metals often serve as paradigms of environmental and occupational toxicity. For these reasons, this chapter highlights the fields within epidemiology that are most relevant to toxic metals and discusses where these substances serve to illustrate important epidemiological concepts. Chapter sections include subjects such as epidemiological terms, study design, study population, exposure assessment, assessment of effects, data analysis, and assessment of benchmark dose, and inference.

AB - Epidemiological methods are crucial to extract as much valid information as possible from human metal exposures. Thus, modern epidemiological approaches have elucidated human health effects that were not apparent in the past. At the same time, metal toxicology has served as a useful arena for testing and further refining methods for study design and data analysis. In contrast to most organic compounds, metals are not broken down, and many of them are retained in the body for long periods, thereby facilitating exposure assessment. In conjunction with the use of inexpensive metal analytical methods, exposures can be characterized from the analysis of blood, urine, and other biological samples. The availability of multiple approaches for exposure assessment allows a calculation of the total imprecision, thus paving the way for adjustment for measurement error. Likewise, due to their propensity to cause chronic or delayed toxicity, epidemiological studies of metal toxicity have focused on a wide variety of organ systems, subtle effects as well as mortality, and differences in susceptibility. Toxic metals often serve as paradigms of environmental and occupational toxicity. For these reasons, this chapter highlights the fields within epidemiology that are most relevant to toxic metals and discusses where these substances serve to illustrate important epidemiological concepts. Chapter sections include subjects such as epidemiological terms, study design, study population, exposure assessment, assessment of effects, data analysis, and assessment of benchmark dose, and inference.

KW - Attributable risk

KW - Benchmark dose

KW - Bias

KW - Cadmium

KW - Case-control study

KW - Children

KW - Cohort study

KW - Confounding

KW - Directed acyclic graph

KW - Environmental exposure

KW - Exposure assessment

KW - Imprecision

KW - Incidence

KW - Inference

KW - Interaction

KW - Intervention

KW - Lead

KW - Manganese

KW - Margin of exposure

KW - Methylmercury

KW - Neurotoxicity

KW - Occupational exposure

KW - Odds ratio

KW - Population at risk

KW - Prenatal exposure delayed effects

KW - Prevalence

KW - Relative risk

KW - Risk ratio

KW - Structural equation

KW - Study population

U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-444-59453-2.00013-5

DO - 10.1016/B978-0-444-59453-2.00013-5

M3 - Book chapter

SN - 9780123973399

SN - 9780444594532

VL - 1

SP - 265

EP - 279

BT - General Considerations

A2 - Nordberg, Gunnar F.

A2 - Fowler, Bruce A.

A2 - Nordberg, Monica

PB - Elsevier

CY - London

ER -

ID: 161884275